A message from an elite group of jurists, intellectuals and academics in the Arab world to the United Nations

Bethlehem-Ma'an- A group of Arab human rights activists, intellectuals and academics sent a letter to UN Secretary-General Antonio Guterres. The elite called on Guterres to review the previous General Assembly resolutions, including reversing the cancellation of Resolution 3379, which considers Zionism a form of racism and racial discrimination, and issuing a new resolution that confirms this content, and the war crimes, aggression, genocide, ethnic cleansing and crimes against humanity committed and perpetrated by the State of Israel as a colonialist regime, must be prosecuted and their perpetrators must not escape punishment. The message stated the following: Mr. President of the United Nations General Assembly, Dennis Francis Greetings and respect, The United Nations General Assembly adopted Resolution No. 3379 on November 10, 1975, which considered "Zionism a form of racism and racial discrimination", at a time when the struggle of the Palestinian Arab people for their right to self-determination was highly respected, especially after the liberation of many peoples and countries in Asia and Africa from the yoke of colonialism, following the issuance of Resolution No. 1514 by the United Nations General Assembly, which called for the end of colonialism in 1960. The Palestinian cause became, as recognized by international governmental and non-governmental circles, a cause of national liberation for a people who suffered from occupation. However, the United Nations, in a dangerous precedent, cancelled this resolution on December 16, 1991, thus violating the data on which it relied when it took this historic decision. The reason for the retreat from describing the racist nature of Zionism is due to the imbalance of power at the global level, the dissolution of the socialist bloc, the United States' dominance over international relations, and its monopoly on international decision-making, which has had a double negative impact on the Palestinian Arab people, a victim of racist discriminatory policies on the on e hand, and on the issue of international peace and security on the other hand. Mr. Secretary-General and President of the United Nations General Assembly The dangerous development in the international situation at that time and on the eve of the cancellation of Resolution 3379 did not prevent the global human rights movement and supporters of peace and liberation from continuing their struggle to support the Palestinian Arab people and to reveal the truth of racist and supremacist practices, with awareness and understanding that this unprecedented step taken by the United Nations was taken in ambiguous circumstances, as the United Nations contradicted itself, at a time when the world was witnessing Israel's racist approach and the increasing pace of settlement operations, deportation, land grabbing and the systematic evacuation of the population to eliminate the Palestinian presence in violation of international legitimacy and its resolutions, including Security Council Resolutions 242 of 1967 and 338 of 1 973, which explicitly declare the necessity of Israeli withdrawal from the occupied territories, as contemporary international law does not permit the annexation of territories by force. In addition, the Security Council considered the Knesset's decisions to annex Jerusalem and the Golan Heights null and void, and the International Court of Justice decided in 2004 that the construction of the 'separation wall' (the apartheid wall) Invalid, and ordered its dismantling and compensation for those affected by its construction. It is worth noting that Israel continues to deny the United Nations resolutions, especially Resolution 181 of 1947 and Resolution 194 of 1948 on the Right of Return, in addition to another package of resolutions condemning its racist practices and denial of the rights of the Palestinian Arab people, which is what Israel and the forces behind it faced at the "Durban International Conference" (South Africa) regarding racism in 2001, where about 3,000 international human rights and humanitari an organizations condemned Israel's racist practices. What prompts us to address this message to the United Nations is that Israel declares morning and evening that its political doctrine is Zionism, and that based on this doctrine it has been practicing aggression today on Gaza for 9 months, which the Secretary-General witnessed its brutality and expressed his sympathy with the victims on a humanitarian level, as more than 170 thousand people were killed or wounded, in addition to the destruction of vital facilities, infrastructure, schools, hospitals, mosques, churches and places of worship, and the targeting of medical crews and relief teams, in addition to cutting off water, food, medicine, electricity, fuel and the most basic necessities of human life. Today, more than two million Palestinians are exposed to an unprecedented human catastrophe, and to a brutal war of genocide, in which the most heinous crimes against humanity and war crimes have been committed, in violation of the rules of international humanitarian law, especially the four Geneva Conventions of 1949 and their two annexes, the Geneva Protocols of 1977, the first relating to the protection of victims of international armed conflicts; and the second relating to the protection of victims of non-international armed conflicts. These new-old practices make Israel a rogue state outside international law. They even blatantly oppose the United Nations Charter, which recognizes the right of peoples to self-determination, as well as respect for human rights. This is a subject that cannot be overlooked, because it relates to the core of Israel's political doctrine, which puts it in the dock, along with its political and military leadership, according to the decisions of the International Court of Justice and the International Criminal Court. The world has begun to feel, to a large extent, including some Jews in America and Europe and many Western circles, especially students and youth, the danger of Zionism to the civilized world. Indeed, the belief h as become widespread, according to the legal standard, that Zionism is a new form of racism and the apartheid system, which no longer exists as a political system in the world after the end of the racist South African system, except in Israel. This was reflected in the increase in the balance of the State of Palestine, which was recently voted for by 143 countries that recognized its right to be a full member of the United Nations, which led to the expansion of the scope of international recognition of it, as happened when Spain, Ireland and Norway recognized it, as if in response to the racist Zionist practices. We, as intellectuals, human rights activists, and advocates of peace based on justice in the Arab world, proceed from the human and human rights values ??in which we believe, and which are shared by intellectuals, human rights activists, and peace advocates from all over the world. We address you, by virtue of your responsibilities, to review the previous General Assembly resolutions, including rev ersing the cancellation of Resolution 3379, which considers Zionism a form of racism and racial discrimination, and issuing a new resolution that affirms this content, and the war crimes, aggression, genocide, ethnic cleansing, and crimes against humanity that the State of Israel has committed and is committing as a colonialist regime, must be prosecuted and not escape punishment. The genocidal war practiced by the Israeli authorities in cold blood and without any legal, moral, religious or humanitarian consideration confirms the necessity, and even the legitimacy, of such a humanitarian demand that confirms the reality of racist practices and the political ideology that justifies them. We will work together and individually with organizations, forces, cultural groups, countries and governments, and all those who believe that Zionism is a new face of racism embodied in the Israeli practices that have been carried out since 1948 until today, to achieve this goal. We will seek to achieve more solidarity with the Palestinian Arab people, so that they can determine their own destiny, establish their independent and viable national state with Jerusalem as its capital, return the refugees, and compensate them for the injustice and damages they have suffered, and the destruction and devastation that has befallen them for more than three-quarters of a century. This is a great international responsibility that falls on the shoulders of the United Nations and all influential powers. Signatories (in alphabetical order): Prof. Dr. Gamal Zahran, Professor of Political Science and International Relations at Suez Canal University and President of the Arab Political Science Association, Egypt A. Khamis Al-Qatiti, Writer and Political Analyst, Sultanate of Oman Prof. Dr. Saleh bin Marzouq Hamlil / Director of the Law and Society Laboratory, former university director in Algeria Prof. Dr. Nasreddine Ben Tayfour, Dean of the Faculty of Law and Political Science at the University of Tlemcen, Algeria Prof. Dr. Naaman Atef Amr , Director of Al-Quds Open University - Dura Branch - Palestine Prof. Dr. Heba Gamal El-Din, Head of the Future Studies Department at the National Planning Institute, Egypt Prof. Dr. Yousef Ahmed Mufleh Al-Abbadi, former Dean of the Faculty of Law and current Head of the Department of Private Law at Amman Al-Ahliyya University, Jordan Prof. Dr. Muhammad Abdul Ghani Al-Haj Qassem, Professor of Public Law, Former President of the Supreme Constitutional Court in Palestine Prof. Dr. Moataz Qafisha, Professor of International Law and Chairman of the Board of Trustees of Law for Palestine, Palestine Prof. Dr. Adnan Abbas Yousef, University Professor, Iraq Prof. Dr. Ahmed Naseem Barqawi, Professor of Philosophy, Writer and Dean of the House of Philosophy in Fujairah, United Arab Emirates Prof. Dr. Ben Zahaf Faisal, Professor of Public Law at the University of Oran 2, Head of the Department of the State and Society Research Unit, Algeria Prof. Dr. Ben Sadat Nasreddine, Professor at Oran 2 University, Head of Research Group at the State and Society Research Unit, Algeria. Prof. Dr. Bousmaha Nasreddine, Professor of International Law at the University of Oran 2, Director of the State and Society Research Unit, Algeria Prof. Dr. Jaoud Kamal, Professor of Private Law at Oran 2 University, Head of Research Group at the State and Society Research Unit, Algeria Prof. Jamal Al-Shalabi / Professor of Political Science at Hashemite University, Jordan Prof. Dr. Hussein Daajah / Professor of Political Science at Al-Hussein Bin Talal University / Jordan Prof. Dr. Khalil Hussein, Professor of International Public Law at the Lebanese University, Lebanon Prof. Dr. Salem Dakhil, University Professor, Libya Prof. Dr. Charbal Abdelkader, Professor at the University of Blida, Member of the State and Society Research Unit, Algeria. Prof. Dr. Safou Mohamed, Professor at Oran 2 University, Head of Department, State and Society Research Unit, Algeria Prof. Dr. Taibi Belhachmi Mohamed El Amin, Professor of International Law at t he University of Oran 2, Head of Department at the State and Society Research Unit, Algeria. Prof. Dr. Asmani Leila, Professor of International Criminal Law at the University of Oran 2, Head of Department at the State and Society Research Unit, Algeria Prof. Dr. Ali Muhafaza, former President of Yarmouk and Mutah Universities, Jordan Prof. Dr. Farhat Hamou, Professor of Private Law at Mostaganem University, Head of Research Group at the State and Society Research Unit, Algeria. Prof. Dr. Fahmi Jadaan, Thinker and Academic, Jordan Prof. Dr. Kaci Fawzia, Professor at Oran 2 University, Head of Research Group at the State and Society Research Unit, Algeria Prof. Dr. Munir Musa Abu Rahma / Professor at the Faculty of Law and Political Science and Lawyer at the State Council / Algeria Prof. Dr. Najjar Makkia, Professor at Oran 2 University, Head of Research Group at the State and Society Research Unit, Algeria Prof. Dr. Islah Jad, University Professor. Birzeit University, Palestine Prof. Dr. Turki Ibrahim Obeidat, University Professor, Jordan Prof. Dr. Tawfiq Shomer, Academic and Researcher, Jordan Prof. Dr. Adel Al-Harfoush, Syrian Academic Prof. Dr. Abdullah Abu Al-Ghaith, Professor of History and International Relations at Sana'a University, Journalist and Trade Union Activist, Yemen Prof. Dr. Abdul-Wadud Qasim Muqshar, Vice Dean of the Faculty of Arts, University of Hodeidah, Yemen Prof. Dr. Walid Abdul Hai, Professor of Future Studies, Jordan Prof. Dr. Ahmed Madi, Retired Academic from the University of Jordan and President of the Philosophical Culture Society, Jordan Prof. Dr. Tayseer Abdul Jabbar Al-Alusi, Researcher and Professor at Ibn Rushd University in the Netherlands, Iraq Prof. Dr. Hamlil Saleh, Former University Director, Algeria Prof. Dr. Khaled Naji Suwadi, University Professor, Iraq Prof. Dr. Salim Ibrahim Al-Hassaniya, Retired University Professor, Damascus University, Germany Prof. Dr. Farid Al-Alibi, Professor of Philosophy, Faculty of Arts and Humanities, Sfax, Tunisia Prof. D r. Kurdistan Salem Saeed, University Professor, Iraq Prof. Dr. Mohammed Hamed Abdul-Jaberi, University Professor, Iraq Prof. Dr. Mohamed Khalifa Siddiq, University Professor, Sudan Prof. Dr. Mohammad Masalha, Professor of Political Science and former President of the Jordanian Political Science Association, Jordan Prof. Dr. Mazhar Al-Khafaji, Professor of Civilization at the University of Baghdad, Iraq Prof. Dr. Nassif Mohsen Al-Hashemi, University Professor, Iraq Prof. Dr. Nayef Jarad, Vice President of Al-Istiqlal University, Palestine Prof. Hisham Ghasib, Thinker and Academic, Jordan Ebtisam Al-Sayegh, Human Rights Activist, Bahrain Ibrahim Abu Ghosh, Researcher, Palestine Ibrahim Ismail Ibrahim Matar, Academic, Palestine Ibrahim Al-Maqrawi, writer and journalist, Morocco Ibrahim Mohammed Al-Saqr, Academic, Libya Ibrahim Maghraoui, Secondary School Teacher and Journalist, Morocco Ahmed Al-Hujairi, Writer and Human Rights Activist, Bahrain Ahmed Al Rasam, short story writer, Egypt Ahmed El M eskeen, Human Rights Activist, Morocco Ahmed Al-Haij, former president of the Moroccan Association for Human Rights, Morocco Ahmed Ait Siali, educational and legal framework from Hatem Organization, Morocco Ahmed Bernoussi, human rights activist, Morocco Ahmed Boudaoud, Journalist, Algeria Ahmed Dakhil, poet and journalist, Palestine Ahmed Deeb Shalash, Political Activist, Jordan Ahmed Ragheb, Lawyer and Human Rights Activist, Egypt Ahmed Radhi, Journalist, Bahrain Ahmed Zakarneh, Palestinian writer, media figure and researcher Ahmed Ali Al-Atrash, Academic, Libya Ahmed Awad, Human Rights Activist and Director of the Phenix Center for Economic Studies, Jordan Ahmed Fakher, political activist and physician, Jordan Ahmed Firas Al-Tarawneh, novelist, media figure and political activist, Jordan Ahmed Qanawi, Lawyer/Egypt Ahmed Kikich, Trainer and Human Rights Activist, Morocco Ahmed Mesbah, Research Student in Constitutional Law, Tunisia Idris Al-Kharshafi, Professor of Islamic Sciences, Morocco I driss Sadrawi, President of the Moroccan Association for Citizenship and Human Rights, Morocco Adham Hassanein, Journalist, Netherlands Professor Abdel Rahman Bin Amr, former President of the Moroccan Bar Association/Morocco Professor Abdel Rahim Al-Jami, former President of the Moroccan Bar Association, Coordinator of the Moroccan Coalition Against the Death Penalty, and Coordinator of the Network of Lawyers Against the Death Penalty/Morocco Israa Abdel Hafez, Journalist, Human Rights Activist, Feminist Researcher, Egypt Islam Abdel Majeed Eid Abdel Majeed Awad, Political Researcher, Egypt Islam Heidari, Political Science Researcher and Policy Analyst, Tunisia Itidal Hussein Shaqir, artist and actress, Syria Ideas by Youssef Hosni Hilal, Director of the Egyptian Foundation for the Advancement of Childhood Conditions, Egypt Akraou Azzedine, Human Rights Activist, Morocco Akram Al-Madanat, Political Activist, Jordan Elf Kassab, Human Rights Advisor for the Middle East and North Africa, Tunisia Elha my El-Mirghani, Economic Researcher, Egypt Alissar Khoury, retired diplomat and former UN employee, Syria Amal Khreisha, Human Rights Activist and Director of the Palestinian Working Women Society for Development, Palestine Amal Saadeh, Lawyer, Palestine Amina Bint Al-Mukhtar, President of the Association of Women Heads of Households, Mauritania Amira Hamdi, Human Rights Activist, Tunisia Omaima Ghanmi, Journalist, Tunisia Amin Benwadid, University Professor, Morocco Amin Marayat, Journalist, Jordan Amina, Researcher in Public Domestic Law, Tunisia Anflous Mohamed, Human Rights Activist, Morocco Anis Jamaa, Artist, Belgium Ihishem Mohamed, community activist, Morocco Aws Abu Atta, poet and writer, Palestine Iyad Mahmoud Hassan Bandar, Associate Researcher, Palestine Iman Jawhar Hayat, Former President of the Kuwait Freedom Society, Kuwait Iman Shams El-Din, Researcher and Author, Kuwait Iman Nouri Azzouzi, Educational Inspector in charge of Information and Communication at the Agency for Trai ning in Tourism Professions, Tunisia Enas Mousa Al-Zein, Academic, Palestine Basil Ibrahim Al-Tarawneh, Human Rights Consultant and Expert, Jordan Basil Al-Akkour, Journalist, Jordan Buthaina Daghestani, Writer, Jordan Bassam Ballan, journalist and writer, Syria Basma Tlili, Education Professor and Human Rights Activist, Tunisia Bashara Masa'adah, Human Rights Activist, Jordan Al Bashir Obeid, writer, journalist and poet, Tunisia Bashir Qaid Al-Dhubaibi, Researcher and Human Rights Activist, Yemen Bakr Hijazi, Professor, Writer and Media Professional, Lebanon Belhassen Sahli, Researcher, Tunisia Bahija Hussein, Journalist, Egypt Boubaker Larkou, former President of the Moroccan Organization for Human Rights, Morocco Bouhamid Idris, Member of the Human Rights Association, Morocco Bourahla Mahmoud, Writer, Algeria Bayan Ahmed Salman, Writer and Researcher, Syria Tronda Mendell, Writer, Syria Tanouri Amina, President of Generations of Tomorrow Association, Morocco Al-Tahami Belmaalem, human ri ghts activist and association, protection of public money, Morocco Al-Tahami Hamdash, Humanitarian Advocate, Morocco Tawfik Ben Romdhane, writer and former Green Party MP, Tunisia Thaer Mansour Al-Atrash, former member of the Syrian Engineers Syndicate Council, Syria Tharwat Zaid Kilani, Educational Expert and Researcher, Palestine Jalal Mohammed Handad, Lawyer and Legal Consultant, Yemen Jalil Yousef Ali, Human Rights Activist, Bahrain Jamal Al-Khatib, Researcher, Writer and Director of the Alternative Center for Studies and Research, Jordan Jamal Muslim, human rights activist, honorary president of the Tunisian League for the Defense of Human Rights, Tunisia Jamila Al-Nirghi, Human Rights Activist, Morocco Jamila Issa, Secretary of the Nabaa Al-Ghadeer Association for Human Rights, Jordan Jihad Al-Rantisi, writer and novelist, Jordan Jawad Al-Harishawi, Human Rights Defender, Iraq Hajim Falah Al-Rakan, Human Rights Activist, Iraq Hassan Ait Bihi, Moroccan journalist Hassan Kamoun, Engineer, L egal Expert and President of the Moroccan Forum for Truth and Justice, Morocco Hassan M. Youssef, Writer and Journalist, Syria Al-Hussein Oulhous, Human Rights Activist, Morocco Hussein Da'sa, artist, critic and political writer, Jordan Hafiza Al-Morabit, Human Rights Activist, Morocco Hakima Chaoui, poet, writer and director of the Center for Education on Women's Human Rights, Morocco Hamadi Al-Fali, writer and media figure, Morocco Hamdi Abdel Aziz, Researcher and Member of the Central Secretariat of the Egyptian Socialist Party, Egypt Houria Benmohammadi, human rights activist, member of the Moroccan Association for Human Rights, Morocco Khaled El-Balshy, Head of the Egyptian Journalists Syndicate Khaled Sayed Taha, Syrian writer Khaled Mohamed Abdel Aziz Shaaban, former parliamentarian and Secretary General of the Egyptian Trade Union Federation, Egypt Khadija Riyadi, human rights activist, recipient of the 2013 United Nations Human Rights Prize, Morocco Khadija Al-Maghribi, Human Rights Acti vist, Australia Khadija Bensaid, Human Rights Activist, Morocco Khaldoun Gharaibeh, cartoonist, Jordan Khawla Zaazaa, Legal Researcher, Tunisia Dr. Hamdi Abdel Hafez, Member of the Board of Trustees of the Socialist Popular Alliance Party, Egypt Dr. Sahar Al-Qawasmi, Member of the Palestinian Central Council, Head of the National Committee for Reform and Civil Peace in Palestine Dr. Ibrahim Hijazin, retired researcher and teacher, Jordan Dr. Ibrahim Saad Ghorof, University Lecturer, Palestine Dr. Ahmed Abdullah Al-Maghribi, Legal Advisor, Trkiye Dr. Ahmed Qanbar, Writer, Syria Dr. Arej Ali Jaber, Professor of Political Science, Jordan Dr. Islam Al-Jabi, Academic, Iraq Dr. Ashraf Abdel Ghaffar, Head of the Centre for Political and Human Studies, United Kingdom Dr. Al-Aidi Aoudash, International Law Expert, Algeria Dr. Al-Mabrouk Mohammed Abu Omeid, University Professor, Libya Dr. Ilham Abdul Rahim Al-Alan, Professor of Political Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jordan Dr. Ayman Ibrahim Al-Ra qab, Palestinian Academic, Palestine Dr. Ayoub Abudia, Academic, Jordan Dr. Basem Khalil Ajarmeh, Dean of the Faculty of Administrative Sciences and Information Technology - Al-Istiqlal University, Palestine Dr. Bilal Sharif Ghanem, University Professor, Al-Istiqlal University, Palestine Dr. Thoria Abdel Gawad, University Professor, Egypt Dr. Jamila Ballout, Assistant Professor, Lebanon Dr. Habes Al-Shorof, Director General of the Palestine Institute for National Security Studies, Palestine Dr. Khaled Shawkat, Lecturer and Visiting Professor of International Law and Human Rights at several Arab and European Universities, and President of the Arab Democracy Institute, Tunisia Dr. Khaldoun Saad Al-Hakim, Syrian social activist and doctor Dr. Rafeh Al-Saadi, a Syrian researcher and physician residing in the Emirates Dr. Rabie Al-Karai, University Professor, Human Rights and Political Activist, Morocco Dr. Raja Ibrahim Salim, Researcher in International Relations, Arab Republic of Egypt Dr. Rifat Saye d Ahmed, Researcher and National Thinker, Egypt Dr. Riad Khalefat, University Professor, Jordan Dr. Riad Noufal, Syrian writer and researcher Dr. Reem Mansour Sultan Al-Atrash, Researcher and Historian, Syria Dr. Zahdi Al-Shami, Economist, Egypt Dr. Samer Mousa, Human Rights Activist, Palestine Dr. Sami Abu Kamil, Researcher, Palestine Dr. Sarmed Al-Khazraji, Academic and Civil Activist, Iraq Dr. Sultan Al-Zghoul, Poet and Critic, Jordan Dr. Suleiman Jaradat, Chairman of the Administrative Board of the Palestinian Authority for Doctoral Holders in Public Service. Dr. Shukria Abu Asi Salah al-Din, a writer residing in Austria, Syria Dr. Ghazi Al-Rasheed, Lawyer, Jordan Dr. Fayyad Al-Naimi, PhD in Media (Journalism), Lebanon Dr. Mohammed Ahmed Mahmoud Al-Zoubi, Researcher, Jordan Dr. Mohammed Al-Hourani, President of the Arab Writers Union, Syria Dr. Mohammed Al-Shiyab, President of the Jordanian Philosophical Society, Jordan. Dr. Mohammed Jarar Al Khattab, University Professor, Al Hussein Bin T alal University, Jordan Dr. Mohammad Salim Al-Tarawneh, International Law and International Humanitarian Law Expert, Jordan Dr. Muhammad Salih Al-Saghbini, Syrian doctor and university professor residing in Jordan Dr. Mahmoud Elkhafif, Economist and former UN staff member, Egypt Dr. Mohieddine Lagha, university professor and Secretary General of the Tunisian League for the Defense of Human Rights Dr. Marwan Emil Toubasi, Ambassador and Chairman of the Founding Committee of the National Forum for Solidarity among Peoples, Palestine Dr. Marwan Alawneh, Academic, Palestine Dr. Maha Bitar, Head of the History Department, Faculty of Arts II, University of Damascus, Syria Dr. Musa Khalil Mitri, Legal Expert, Syria Dr. Muwaffaq Mahadin, President of the Jordanian Writers Association, Jordan Dr. Mervat Shaheen, University Professor, Palestine Dr. Nafez Masalma, Assistant Professor, Al-Quds Open University, Palestine Dr. Nabiha Mohammed Ali, Academic, Jordan Dr. Haitham Al Salman, University Professor, Ba hrain Dr. Haitham Manna, Legal Expert, Syria Dr. Haifa Khaled, PhD in Sociology, Jordan Dr. Ebtihal Al-Khatib, Professor at Kuwait University and Human Rights Activist, Kuwait Dr. Ahlam Baydoun, Professor of International Law, Lebanon Dr. Ahmed Dalalah, University Professor, Jordan Dr. Ahmed Rashed, University Professor, Jordan Dr. Ahmed Sham Rashid, University Professor, Iraq Dr. Ahmed Ali Al-Atrash, Academic, Libya Dr. Ahmed Kadri, University Professor, Morocco Dr. Ahmed Mohi El-Din Saleh, University Professor, Iraq Dr. Ahmed Nazzal, Secretary General of the Lebanese Writers Union/Lebanon Dr. Osama Qorin, Lawyer accredited to the State Council, Algeria Dr. Osama Mohammed Hamed Al-Maghribi, University Professor, Palestine Dr. Asaad Ahmed Al-Ghanem, Assistant University Professor, Iraq Dr. Asmaa Abdel Baqi, University Professor, Iraq Dr. Ismail Bahaa El-Din, writer and university professor at Cairo University/Egypt Dr. Ashraf Fouad Ahmed Kanaan, Faculty Member, Jordan Dr. Iqbal Zalila, Unive rsity Professor, Tunisia Dr. Al-Hussein Al-Qassim, University Professor, Mauritania Dr. Amna Al-Khasawneh, Academic, Jordan Dr. Amira Abdel Hamid, Lecturer in International Relations, United Kingdom Dr. Amin Bin Masoud, University Professor, Tunisia Dr. Amin Benwadid, University Professor, Morocco Dr. Insaf Mishta, University Professor, Tunisia Dr. Ayman Hassan, poet and university professor, Tunisia Dr. Ayman Hassan, University Writer and Translator, Tunisia Dr. Ayman Ali Al-Omari, PhD in Political Science, Jordan Dr. Enas Nazzal, Financial Policies and Budgets Researcher, Palestine Dr. Bassiouni Hamada, University Professor, Egypt Dr. Bushra Barghawi, University Professor, Morocco Dr. Balbana Mohamed, Professor of Constitutional Law, University of Mostaganem, Algeria Dr. Ben Salem Kamal, Professor of Private Law at the University of Mostaganem, Algeria. Dr. Ben Issa Kadour, Professor of Administrative Law at the University of Mostaganem, Algeria. Dr. Bahoula Haifa, University Professor, Tuni sia Dr. Bougalb Mohamed, Retired University Professor, Morocco Dr. Tayseer Abu Odeh, Writer, Translator and Academic, Jordan Dr. Thaer Tamizi, Assistant Professor at Ahliya University in Bethlehem, Palestine Dr. Jean Alia, University Professor and Head of the Public Procurement Authority, Lebanon Dr. Jalal Al-Zein, University Professor, Tunisia Dr. Jamal Al-Daboubi, Professor of Political Science, Jordan Dr. Jamal Khaled Al-Fadi, University Professor, Palestine Dr. Jamil Zein El-Din, Researcher, Social Activist and Doctor, Syria Dr. Jamila Ballout, Assistant Professor, Lebanon Dr. Janan Al-Imam, University Professor, Tunisia Dr. George Jabbour, President of the Arab League for International Law (under establishment), Syria Dr. Hussam Awad, University Professor, Palestine Dr. Hassan Al-Ashmar, University Professor, Lebanon Dr. Hassan Jouni, Professor of International Law and Expert in International and Regional Organizations, Lebanon Dr. Hassan Mohammed Simian, University Professor, Iraq Dr. Ha ssan Hani Al-Atrash, retired Syrian science professor Dr. Hamid Al-Naghash, University Professor, Morocco Dr. Hamid Ajana, University Professor, Morocco Dr. Hamid Mansoum, University Professor, Morocco Dr. Hanane Brahmi, University Professor, Algeria Dr. Hayat Hamdi, University Professor, Tunisia Dr. Khaled Jamil Abdulrahman Mohsen, University Professor, Jordan Dr. Khadouma Abdelkader, Professor at Oran 2 Mohamed Ben Ahmed University, Algeria Dr. Khadija Sabbar, Academic Researcher in Philosophy and History, Morocco Dr. Khaldoun Saad Al-Hakim, Syrian researcher and physician, Germany Dr. Dakhli Mohsen, University Professor, Tunisia Dr. Rabie Al-Karai, human rights and political activist, Morocco Dr. Rashid Al-Azouzi, Professor and Researcher, Morocco Dr. Rana Yousef, University Professor, Jordan Dr. Rawda Ben Othman, Lecturer, Tunisia Dr. Riad Yousef Al-Sobh, Human Rights Consultant, Jordan Dr. Reham Sayed Kamel, Researcher in International Relations, Egypt Dr. Zuhair Ben Jant, Professor of S ociology, Tunisia Dr. Ziad Al-Arja, Lawyer and Political and Legal Advisor, Jordan Dr. Sassi Taha, University Professor, Morocco Dr. Salem Dakhil, University Professor, Libya Dr. Sami Al-Khaliki, Faculty Member at the University of Tripoli, Libya Dr. Sami Jamal, University Professor, Tunisia Dr. Sami Khawaldeh, Assistant Professor at the Arab Open University, Jordan Dr. Sami Muhammad Mahmoud Abu Kamil, PhD in Political Science and Researcher in Security and Political Issues, Palestine Dr. Sani Al-Khasawneh, University Professor, Jordan Dr. Saadi Mohamed, Professor of International Law and International Relations, University of Glizan, Algeria Dr. Saad Fathallah, University Professor, Iraq Dr. Said Ardif, University Professor, Morocco Dr. Saeed Mohammed Abu Rahma, PhD in Media and Lecturer at Al-Quds Open University in the Gaza Strip, Palestine Dr. Salsabil Klibi, University Professor, Tunisia Dr. Salwa Alwan, Professor of Media and Human Rights Activist, Egypt Dr. Salim Jaber, Syrian poet and p hysician, London Dr. Salim Hadoussa, University Professor, Tunisia Dr. Samar Maknay, University Professor, Jordan Dr. Samir Al-Sous, University Professor, Jordan Dr. Samira Al-Zagher, Researcher, Syria Dr. Sinan Shaqdih, Executive Committee Member, Palestinian American Institutions Network, USA Dr. Shahla Tawfiq Zarouki, University Professor, Iraq Dr. Sabah Salim Mustafa Sharshir, Member of the Board of Trustees of Palestine Technical University-Khadouri and Member of the Board of Directors of the Women's Affairs Team, Palestine Dr. Salah Ahmed Hashem, Writer, Thinker and Academic, Egypt Dr. Salah Abdel-Ati, Lawyer and Head of the International Committee to Support the Rights of the Palestinian People (Hashd), Palestine Dr. Tariq Idris, University Professor, Lebanon Dr. Tariq Abdul Rahman Shuaib, UN Representative and Ambassador for Peace and Development, Libya Dr. Taha Tantawi, African Affairs Expert, Egypt Dr. Asem Al-Barqan, University Professor, Jordan Dr. Atef Saleh Al-Rawati, Researcher an d Lecturer at the Faculty of Law, University of Sousse, Tunisia Dr. Amer Shehadeh, University Professor, Palestine Dr. Amel Taibi, Lecturer, Algeria Dr. Aida Katata, University Professor, Tunisia Dr. Abdul Hussein Shaaban, Thinker and Academic, Iraq Dr. Abdel Hamid Al-Ashqari, Professor of Sociology, Kingdom of Morocco Dr. Abdul Hamid Dashti, Lawyer and former Member of Parliament, Kuwait. Dr. Abdul Razzaq Jaloud, University Lecturer, Palestine Dr. Abdul Rahman Al-Mashhadani, University Professor, Iraq Dr. Abdul Rahman Ramzi, University Professor, Iraq Dr. Abdul Rahim Jamous, Chairman of the Board of Directors of the Palestinian Jurists Union Dr. Abdel Fattah Abu Sarous, Writer, Theatre Artist and Academic, Palestine Dr. Abdel Fattah Al-Zein, Sociologist, Morocco Dr. Abdul Latif Abu Odeh, University Professor, Palestine Dr. Abdullah Karim, University Professor, Morocco Dr. Abdelkader Hamdouni / University Professor / Tunisia Dr. Abdel Wahid Hamza, University Professor of Economics and Social W ork, Morocco. Dr. Adnan Al-Jazouli, University Professor and Human Rights Activist, Morocco Dr. Azmi Mansour, University Professor, Jordan Dr. Aziz Ghali, Vice President of the International Federation for Human Rights, Morocco Dr. Issam Mahmoud Al-Jaghami, researcher and physician, Syrian Dr. Afaf Salman, University Professor, Palestine Dr. Ala Kattaneh, University Professor, Jordan Dr. Alaa Awad, University Professor, Egypt Dr. Ali Al-Attar, Lawyer and Researcher, Palestine Dr. Ali Abdullah Al-Yasani, Associate Professor, Faculty of Agriculture, Sana'a University, Yemen Dr. Ali Younes, Professor of International Relations at the Lebanese University, Lebanon Dr. Alia Asali, University Professor, Former Dean of the Faculty of Educational Sciences and Teacher Training at An-Najah National University Dr. Imad Khaled Abdel Nabi Hamad, University Professor, Libya Dr. Omar Hilmi Al-Ghoul, writer and political researcher, Palestine Dr. Awad Al-Shalawi, Teaching Assistant, Libya Dr. Issa Al-Ayoubi, Pr ofessor of International Relations and Diplomacy, France Dr. Issa Al-Kanj, University Professor, Jordan Dr. Ghada Ben Jaa Allah, University Professor of Law, Tunisia Dr. Ghada Kamal, PhD in Modern Literature, Egypt Dr. Ghazi An'aim, former president of the Jordanian Fine Artists Association Dr. Ghaniya Hafzi Malhis, Writer and Researcher in Political Economy, Jordan Dr. Ghassan Bisharat, University Professor, Jordan Dr. Ghassan Hamza, Researcher and Doctor, Syria Dr. Fatima Khafagi, Socialist Alliance Party, Egypt Dr. Fandy Abu Fakhr, Lecturer at the Faculty of Arts II - Department of History at Damascus University, Syria Dr. Fawzi Al-Samhouri, Head of Juzur Center for Human Rights, Jordan Dr. Fawzi Ou Siddik, Professor of International Law, Algeria Dr. Volette Dagher, Human Rights Activist and President of the Arab Commission for Human Rights, Lebanon Dr. Faisal Bin Zahaf, Professor at the University of Oran 2, Algeria Dr. Faisal Jalloul, Researcher at the Paris Academy of Geopolitics, Lebanon D r. Qabas Hassan Awad Al-Badrani, Professor of Public Law, Iraq Dr. Kurdistan Salem Saeed, University Professor, Iraq Dr. Karim Al-Sayeh, University Professor, Morocco Dr. Karima El-Hafnawy, Egyptian Pharmacist and Writer Dr. Kamal Al-Faqih, Researcher and Doctor, Syria Dr. Kamal Qabaa, Professor of Jurisprudence, Palestine Dr. Lubna Tarabay, Professor of Cultural Anthropology at the Institute of Social Sciences, Lebanon Dr. Laure Abi Khalil, Professor of International Humanitarian Law at the Lebanese University, Lebanon Dr. Leila Osmani, Professor of Higher Education, Faculty of Law and Political Science, University of Oran 2, Algeria Dr. Laila Faidi, University Professor, Chairwoman of the Board of Directors of the Women's Center for Legal Aid and Counseling, Palestine Dr. Lina Al-Zaani, Researcher and Human Rights Activist, Palestine Dr. Lina Abdullah Shabib, Associate Professor of Public Law and Human Rights Activist, Jordan Dr. Magdy Abdel Hamid Bilal, Human Rights Activist, Egypt Dr. M. Moha med Mounir Megahed, Former Vice President of the Nuclear Power Plants Authority for Electricity Generation, Egypt Dr. Majed Al-Khawaja, Writer and Academic, Jordan Dr. Marcel Jouinat, Academic, Jordan Dr. Mazen Hanna, Writer and Politician, Jordan Dr. Mubarak Daoudi, University Professor, Algeria Dr. Mohamed Ahdouch, University Professor, Morocco Dr. Mohammed Al-Shoubaki, University Professor, Palestine Dr. Mohamed El Kahil, Secretary General of the Moroccan Association for the Protection of the Arabic Language, Morocco Dr. Mohammed Al-Mikhlafi, University Professor and Lawyer, Yemen Dr. Mohamed Bahia Al-Idrisi, University Professor, Morocco Dr. Mohamed Thabet Hassan, Academic Researcher, Egypt Dr. Mohamed Hamza, University Professor and Unionist, Morocco Dr. Mohamed Kharoubi, Member of the Board of Trustees (IOFS), Libya Dr. Mohammad Khalaf Al-Raqad, Professor of Political Science (Part-time Lecturer at the University of Jordan and Hashemite University 2012-2019) and Assistant Professor at Zarqa Private University, Jordan Dr. Mohammad Salim Al-Rawashdeh, University Professor, Jordan Dr. Mohammad Saleh Al-Saghbini, Assistant Professor at the Faculty of Dentistry, Zarqa Private University, Syria Dr. Mohammed Abdul Rahman Ahmed, University Professor, Jordan Dr. Mohammed Assaf, University Professor, Palestine Dr. Mohamed Issa, Retired University Professor, UK Dr. Mohamed Mohsen Abu El Nour, President of the Arab Forum for Iranian Policy Analysis - AFIP, Egypt Dr. Mohamed Mohamed Naguib Madi, University Professor, Egypt Dr. Mohamed Nashtawi, University Professor, Morocco Dr. Mariam Al-Riyahi, Assistant Professor of Higher Education, Tunisia Dr. Mariam Mansoura Al-Sadig Al-Mahdi, Former Minister of Foreign Affairs, National Umma Party, Sudan Dr. Mustafa Al-Zaki, University Professor, Morocco Dr. Mustafa Yaghi, lawyer, human rights activist and former member of the Jordanian Parliament/Jordan Dr. Musab Rushdi Ahmed Khalil, University Professor, Palestine Dr. Moatasem Nimer Ishtia, Academic, Pa lestine Dr. Mounir Fayyad, Researcher in International Relations and Professor of Political Science and Media, Lebanon Dr. Musa Khaled Mohammed Al-Ajlouni, University Professor, Jordan Dr. Musa Saleh, Political Activist and Doctor, Jordan Dr. Nasser Jadallah, Ambassador of the State of Palestine to Senegal, Palestine Dr. Najat Al-Zamouri, Professor of Linguistics, First Vice President of the Tunisian League for the Defense of Human Rights, Tunisia Dr. Najib Saber, University Professor, Morocco Dr. Nassim Belhoul, University Professor, Algeria Dr. Naseem Mohammed Saleh Muslim, Academic, Palestine Dr. Nasreddine Bousmaha, University Professor, Algeria Dr. Nizam Assaf, former Secretary General of the Jordanian Political Science Association, Jordan Dr. Nihad Domit, University Professor, Lebanon Dr. Nour Sabira, University Professor, Algeria Dr. Nora Nojoum, Head of Languages ??Department, Palestine Dr. Nouri Dris, University Professor at Setif 02 University, Algeria Dr. Nevin Mosaad, Professor, Fac ulty of Economics and Political Science, Cairo University, Egypt Dr. Hala Al-Nasri, University Professor, Tunisia Dr. Hani Soliman, Director of the Arab Center for Research and Policy Studies, Cairo, Egypt Dr. Hisham Skik, University Professor, Tunisia Dr. Hana Abdul Karim Fadl, Historian and Researcher in Modern and Contemporary History, Yemen Dr. Wajdi Bin Omar, University Lecturer, Tunisia Dr. Wajih Abu Dharifa, Palestinian Center for Cultural Dialogue and Development, Palestine Dr. Wahid Abdel Majeed, Writer and Thinker, Egypt Dr. Wahid Mahmoud Al-Farshishi, Dean of Legal, Political and Social Sciences, University of Carthage, Tunisia Dr. Wissam Jodeh, Human Rights and Feminist Activist, Palestine Dr. Wissam Nemat Ibrahim Al-Saadi, Dean of the College of Law, University of Mosul, Iraq Dr. Wafaa Al-Khatib, Professor of Criminology, Faculty of Law, Al-Quds University, Palestine Dr. Wafaa Ben Achour, Retired University Professor, Tunisia Dr. Walid Salem, Professor in the Master's Program in Jeru salem Studies - Al-Quds University and Editor-in-Chief of Al-Maqdisiyya Magazine, Palestine Dr. Yassin Mahmoud, Advisor to the Parliament of the Kurdistan Regional Government, Iraq. Dr. Youbi Abdelkader, Professor of International Law at the University of Sidi Bel Abbes, Head of the Research Group at the State and Society Research Unit, Algeria. Duaa Al-Ajouz, Cassation Lawyer, Egypt Radhi Al-Moussawi, Journalist, Bahrain Raed Ahmed Al-Athamneh, Lawyer and Human Rights Activist, Jordan Rabia Al-Rifai, Human Rights Activist, Jordan Rabia Al-Maki Murcia, President of the Murcia International Cultural Foundation, Spain Raja Jaafar, Human Rights Activist, Lebanon Raja Rouhi Sweidan, University Faculty Member, Palestine Rasoul Abdul Kaabi, Head of Tawa Human Rights Organization, Iraq Rachid Al-Sabbahi, journalist and president of the Moroccan Press Club, Morocco Rachid Bargane, intellectual and human rights activist, Morocco Reda Talili, Researcher, Tunisia Reda Barakati, Writer and Journalist, Tunis ia Rana Hadeeb, Lawyer and Human Rights Activist, Palestine Randa Siniora, Feminist Rights Activist, Palestine Rawda Malawi, Researcher in International Relations and Diplomacy, Tunisia Riadh Abidi, Human Rights Activist, Tunisia Riad Issa, Researcher and Human Rights Activist, Lebanon Rima Ahmed Khalil Awadallah, journalist and human rights activist, Jordan Reham Al-Saadi, Academic, Palestine Zubeir Sultan Qaddouri, writer and historian, Syria Zaal Abu Raqti, Media Person, Palestine Zakaria Ahmedou Bouabid, Professor and Researcher, Mauritania Zuleikha Abu Risha, poet and human rights activist, Jordan Zuhair Kazim Abboud, Retired Iraqi Judge, Iraq Zuhair Makhlouf, human rights activist and former member of the House of Representatives, Tunisia Zainab Ibrahim Al-Darazi, Human Rights Activist, Bahrain Zainab Hafs El Maghari, human rights activist and head of the Rabat office of the National Centre for Human Rights, Morocco Zainab Abdullah Khamis, Human Rights Activist, Bahrain Sari Saad, Legal Advisor and Director of Ettijahat Center for Studies and Research, Palestine Sama Awida, General Director of the Women's Studies Center, Palestine Sami Tahri, Assistant Secretary General, Tunisian General Labour Union, Tunisia Samia Lahshab, Translator, Tunisia Sabrine Wafi, President of a Peacebuilding NGO, Tunisia Souad Brahma, lawyer, human rights activist and president of the Moroccan Association of Progressive Women, Morocco Saeed Moulay El Taj, writer, media professional and pedagogue, Morocco Saida Mohamed Hashi, Lawyer, Somalia Salam Nasser El-Din, Journalist, Lebanon Salman Al-Bad'aish, Syrian novelist and musician Salman Raja Al-Hanifat, Journalist, Jordan Salman Naqrash, Political Activist, Jordan Salwa Hamrouni, Professor of Law, Tunisia Salim Abdelli, Writer and Academic, Denmark Salim Kadyan, Attorney at Law at the Supreme Court, Algeria Simon Bounouar, President of the Bar Association in Tlemcen, Algeria Samih Sinqrot, Lawyer and Member of the Board of Trustees of the Internatio nal Council for Social Work in the Middle East and North Africa Region, Jordan Samih Mohsen, writer and poet, Palestine Samira El-Gazzar, Member of Parliament, Egypt Samira Al-Khalfi, visual artist and poet, and Ambassador of Peace at the World Assembly for Peace and Development, Tunisia Samira Bouhia, political and human rights activist, Morocco Siham Arslan, writer and social activist, Syria Suhair Odeh, Feminist Activist, Writer and Researcher, Palestine Susan Shenar, President of the Palestinian Women's Action Association, Palestine Susan Awad, Radio Broadcaster, Lebanon Sirine Al-Ayadi, Lawyer and Human Rights Activist, Tunisia Chadli Basidi, Retired Professor, Morocco Shafik Bodron, Ph.D., Political Science and Human Rights, USA Shaher Jumaa Abdel Rahim Al-Badawi, Academic, Palestine Sharaf Al-Mousawi, Human Rights Activist, Bahrain Shukri Latif, President of the Tunisian Organization Against Torture, Tunisia Shahrazad Hassan, Academic Researcher, France Shawkat Saadoun, Writer and Resea rcher, Jordan Shoya Mohammed, Human Rights Activist, Morocco Sheikh Sayed Mohamed Bab, Professor, Mauritania Sadiq Al-Run, Professor, Morocco Safi Nasri, Media, Morocco Saleh Khaled Hamdoni, Writer and Photographer, Jordan Sabah Obaid, Translator, Palestine Safaa Abu Khadra, Writer, Jordan Salah Al-Khawaja, expert on Israeli affairs and advisor to the head of the Wall and Settlement Resistance Commission, Palestine Salah El-Din Saadeh, Palestinian researcher and activist, Germany Salah Adly, Secretary General of the Egyptian Communist Party Dohaa Bahaa Ahmed Abdel Rahman, Lawyer and Human Rights Researcher, Egypt Dharar Darwish, Researcher, Palestine Diaa El-Din Dawoud, Lawyer and Member of Parliament, Egypt Diaa Al-Saadi, former President of the Iraqi Bar Association, and Vice President of the Arab Lawyers Union, Iraq Tarek El-Awady, Human Rights Lawyer and Member of the Presidential Pardon Committee, Egypt Tariq Haddad, member of the Social Democratic Party and member of the Board of Directo rs of the Ajloun Governorate Reconstruction, Jordan Tariq Abdul Rahman Shaib, Academic, Libya Tariq Odeh, party member and human rights activist, Jordan Talat Dahlan, Researcher in Higher Education, Palestine Zahir Mohamed Ali, Lawyer, Somalia Abed Al-Zarii, Director of the Center for Palestine Land Studies, Tunisia/Palestine Adel Al-Hamdi, journalist and director of Quds Press International Agency for the East, Tunisia Adel Chikito, President of the Moroccan League for the Defense of Human Rights, Morocco Adel Qassoua, retired researcher and Arabic language teacher, Syria Aref Abdul Muslim Al-Madi, Writer, Iraq Amer Samara, President of the Pen Family Club, Jordan Aida Issawi, Feminist Activist, Palestine Obada Muwaffaq Al-Wardat, Human Rights Activist, Jordan Abdul Bari Taher, President of the Yemeni Writers Union and former President of the Yemeni Journalists Syndicate, Yemen Abdelhafid Khazma, Professor, Morocco Abdul Hamid Arsan, Syrian lawyer and consultant Abdel Hamid Kamal, Parliamenta rian, Political Science Researcher and Local Government Expert, Egypt Abdel Rahim Chibani, human rights activist, Morocco Abdel Rahim Majdi, President of the Moroccan Association for Human Rights in Beni Mellal, Morocco Abdul Raouf Adwan, Writer, Syria Abdel Salam Adeeb, Human Rights Activist, Morocco Abdel Fattah Al-Zain, Academic, Morocco Abdel Fattah Boujla, Attorney at Law at the Supreme Court, Algeria Abdelkader Boulsabaa, PhD student in Public Law, Tunisia Abdullah Al-Janahi, Researcher and Critic, Bahrain Abdelmajid Alaoui, Lawyer, Morocco Abdelmajid Kabel, unionist and community activist, Morocco Abdul Nabi Al-Akri, Legal Expert, Bahrain Abdul Hadi Issa Ramidh, Visual Artist, Syria Abdul Hadi Kabariti, Lawyer and Human Rights Activist, Jordan Abdelouahed Boulaich, human rights activist, Morocco Abdul Wahab Al-Harasi, writer and human rights activist, Yemen Abdelwahab El Kain, journalist and president of the African Organization for Human Rights Monitoring, Kingdom of Morocco Abdul Wah ab Baaj, Syrian lawyer and human rights activist Abdulrahman Bseiso, writer, poet and cultural critic, Cyprus/Palestine Abdulrahman Abdullahi Ali, Judge, Somalia Abdel Rahim Al-Wafi, Legal Expert, Morocco Abdel Fattah Al-Sadiqi, Journalist, Kingdom of Morocco Abdullah Ahmed Al-Darazi, Academic and Human Rights Activist, Bahrain Abdallah Boulrabah, Human Rights Activist, Morocco Abdullah Hanatleh, Human Rights Activist, Jordan Abdallah Rabbouli, Director of the Insaf Private Foundation, Morocco Al-Adabi Mohammed, human rights activist, Morocco Adi Emil Awad, Member of the Jordanian Communist Party, Jordan Oraib Al-Rantawi, Director of the Jerusalem Center for Political Studies, Jordan Essam El Islambouli, Lawyer, Egypt Issam Al-Saadi, writer and poet, Jordan Essam Sheha, Lawyer, President of the Egyptian Organization for Human Rights, Egypt Afaf Ghattasha, Director of the Association for the Protection of Female Workers from Violence, Palestine Ali Shaninat, Poet, Jordan Ali Qassim Mohammed Ra bia, Former Member of Parliament, Bahrain Ali Nasser, activist and translator, Palestinian living in the Czech Republic Ali Nassar, Film Director, Palestine Imad Abu Ghazi, Former Minister of Culture, Egypt Omar Al-Zein, former Secretary General of the Arab Lawyers Union, Lebanon Omar Taibi, Journalist, Morocco Omar Chana, community and theatre activist, Morocco Awat Tayeb, Representative of Zoroastrians in Kurdistan and Iraq, Iraq Awis Al-Salik, human rights activist, Morocco Issa Al Marazeeq, Lawyer and Director of Training Department at the National Center for Human Rights, Jordan Issa Al-Najjar, Independent Researcher in Public Administration, Palestine Issa Rahmoun, Lawyer and Human Rights Activist, Algeria Ghada Ibrahim Shalaby, Translation Section Officer, UNESCO Regional Centre for Adult Education, Egypt Ghada Al-Ashqar, writer and translator, Syria Ghada Abdel Hadi, President of the Eve Center for Culture and Arts Association, Palestine Ghazi Fakhri Murad, Member of the Palestinian Nat ional Council, Palestine Ghaleb Shaher Al-Sarayrah, Lawyer, Jordan Ghanem Al-Shahawi, Civil Society Activist, Tunisia Ghawi Najia, human rights activist at the Moroccan Association for Human Rights, France Ghassan Baqaei, Head of the Federation of Palestinian Trade Unions, Lebanon Branch, Palestine Fadi Abbas, President of the Palestinian Bar Association Farouk Malouki, President of SOS Terrorism Association, Tunisia Fatima Al-Dabbas, Lawyer and Human Rights Activist, Jordan Fatima Zahra Touzani, lawyer and human rights activist, Moroccan Freedoms Observatory Fatima Shehadeh, Human Rights Lawyer, Lebanon Faiz Abad Al-Hadama, Journalist, Sudan Fathi Al-Hajj Ali, Writer, Tunisia Firas Ben Shaaban, Researcher in Public Law, Tunisia Farid Al-Muqdad, Writer, Syria Fahmi Shaheen, media figure and member of the Political Bureau of the People's Party, member of the Palestinian National Council Fouad Matar, Lawyer, Lebanon Faisal Oussar, Human Rights Activist, Morocco Faisal Ali Al Sharif, Lawyer, Lib ya Faisal Qafsawi, Research Professor, Morocco Qassim Muhammad Qasir, journalist, Lebanon Judge Dr. Abdul Qader Jarada, Head of the Arab Center for Criminal Sciences - Gaza/Palestine Qusai Shaheen, Political Activist, Jordan Qusay Abdullah Mahmoud Ibrahim, Professor of Social Sciences, Palestine Qais Omar Omar, Journalist, Palestine Karama Ali Faraj, Master's Lecturer, Palestine Kreibi Seifeddine, human rights activist and civil society activist, Tunisia Karima El Hefnawy, Writer, Egypt Kamalin Shaat, University Advisor, Palestine Latifa Ajbabdi, Human Rights Activist, Morocco Latifa Al Iraqi, community activist, Morocco Latifa Hilali, Human Rights Activist, Morocco Linda Al-Kalash, Executive Director of Tamkeen Center for Legal Aid and Human Rights, Jordan Laila Al Ali, Human Rights Activist, Lebanon Lina Tabbal, University Professor of International Law, France Majed Hamto, President of the NGOs Association, Lebanon Magda Rashwan, Lawyer and Human Rights Activist, Egypt Magda Mahmoud Ibra him Atoum, short story writer and translator, Jordan Majda Al-Masry, member of the Political Bureau of the Democratic Front for the Liberation of Palestine, member of the Palestinian Central Council Mazen Al Sharif, thinker and writer, Tunisia Malek Al-Amin, Syrian legal expert and consultant Malek Adly, Lawyer at the Court of Cassation and the Supreme Constitutional Court, Egypt Maher Suleiman Odeh, Political Analyst, Palestine Maher Subaih, Director of Education and Culture Statistics at the Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics, Palestine Maya Mustafa Badawi, Journalist, Syria Mubarak Othmani; Human Rights Activist and President of the Moroccan Human Rights Association, Morocco Magdy Shandy, Editor-in-Chief of Al-Mashhad Newspaper, Egypt Majid Rouaibia, lawyer accredited to the Supreme Court and the Council of State, Algeria Mahasen Al-Imam, Writer and Head of the Arab Women Media Center, Jordan Muhammad Ahad Al-Tahir, Member of the Arab Writers Union, Syria Mohamed Akdid, Professor, Human Rights Activist, Morocco Mohamed El Idrissi, Poet, Morocco Mohamed Al-Baribri, Human Rights Activist, Morocco Mohamed El Hamamsy, poet and journalist, Egypt Mohamed Khamlichi, President of the Human Rights Center for Memory, Morocco Mohamed El Khenissi, Civil Society Activist, Tunisia Mohamed Dahmani, human rights activist, Morocco Mohamed Saleh Flis, writer and human rights activist/Tunisia Mohammed Al-Taher, Academic, Jordan Mohammed Al-Abdullah, Palestinian political writer, Syria Mohamed El Aouni, journalist and writer, President of the Organization for Freedom of Media and Expression - Hatem, Morocco Mohamed Al-Ghafri, National Coordinator of the Moroccan Front to Support Palestine and Oppose Normalization, Morocco Mohamed Al-Qaidi, Doctor of Sharia and Law, Tunisia Mohamed Al-Loz, retired lawyer, Belgium Mohamed El Madyouni, Educational Association, Kingdom of Morocco Mohamed Nouhi, Human Rights Defender, Morocco Mohammed Barqoun, Lecturer, Palestine Mohammed Bassam Ahmed Sweidan, Lawye r, Jordan Mohamed Bouzkraoui Alaoui, Professor, Morocco Mohamed Jabouri, human rights activist, Morocco Mohammed H. Yaqoub, Writer, France, Palestine Muhammad Hadifi, writer and poet, member of the Arab Writers Union, Syria Mohammed Hamid, PhD in Economics, Palestinian residing in Syria Mohammad Khaled Omar, Academic Researcher, Syria Mohammed Khader Al-Hamdani, writer and playwright, Iraq Mohammed Khalifa Al Mulla, Intellectual, Kingdom of Bahrain Mohammad Khouili, President of the Green Party, Lebanon Mohamed Zendour, human rights and political activist, Morocco Mohammad Zahdi Saeed, Human Rights Activist, Jordan Mohamed Saad Abdel Fattah, Human Rights Defender, Egypt Mohammed Saeed Abu Areeda, Writer and Journalist, Jordan Mohamed Soliman Farghal, Professor of Political Science and Director of the Future Center for Strategic Studies/Former, Jordan Muhammad Saleh, Researcher, India Mohammad Safa, Human Rights Expert, Lebanon Mohammad Talib Dabous, Associate Professor of Measurement and Eval uation, Palestine Mohammed Abdo Al-Zughair, Child Rights Expert, Yemen Mohamed Arari, Academic Researcher, Tunisia Muhammad Alloush, Palestinian poet, writer and critic, Palestine Mohamed Fayyad, Political Writer, Egypt Mohammed Mahmoud Rababa'a, Lawyer, Jordan Mohamed Mahmoud Refaat, Lawyer and Head of the National Accord Party, Egypt Mohammad Naaman Hamdan, human rights activist and pediatrician, Jordan Mohamed Hajoui, Media, Morocco Mahmoud Al-Saudi, Media Professional, Syria Mahmoud Bamia, journalist, Palestinian resident in Tunisia Mahmoud Rayhan, Legal Administrator, Palestine Mahmoud Saadeh, Secretary General of the Palestinian Communist Party, Palestine Mokhtar Ben Redouane, Human Rights Defender, Morocco Medhat El-Zahid, journalist, head of the Socialist Popular Alliance Party, Egypt Maram Wajeeh Rahmoun, writer and short story writer, Jordan Marwan Emil Toubasi, Ambassador, Chairman of the Founding Committee of the National Forum for Solidarity between Peoples, Palestine Marwan Hamz a, Human Rights Activist, Syria Marwan Qawas, Syrian, Head of the Arab Organization for Human Rights in Syria Marwan Nihad Joda, Media Professional, Palestine Marigan Shaaban Marigan, Civil Activist, Libya Counselor Jihad Al-Otaibi, Arab arbitrator and expert in jurisprudence and law, Jordan Counselor Shadi Al-Qassem, Legal Advisor and Expert in Legislative Drafting and Rule of Law, Palestine Masoud Allah Moussadad, Secretary General of the Prison Observatory, Morocco Moad Al-Jahri, Deputy National Coordinator of the Moroccan Front to Support Palestine and Combat Normalization, Morocco Al-Moatasem Billah Mohammed Al-Hami, Media Professional, Jordan Moad Al-Hajli, Syrian human rights activist, Syria Moeen Al-Amatouri, Journalist, Syria Manal Ahmed Shalbaya, Journalist, Jordan Manal Tamimi, Human Rights Activist, Palestine Mona Baazawi, writer and researcher in the field of literature and civilization, Tunisia Mona Abdel Rady, Journalist, Egypt Mounir Charfi, President of the National Observatory for the Defense of the Civil State, Tunisia Mehdi Rahali, Opinion Writer, Morocco Muhannad Ghaleb Abu Hamdan, Retired Financial Manager, Lebanon Musa Hawamdeh, Poet, Jordan Mayada El-Deebany, Master's Researcher, Egypt Mervat Mohammed Abdullah, Educational Supervisor, Iraq Mais Al-Masry, Human Rights Activist, Palestine Maysoun Al-Momani, political activist and member of the Communist Party, Jordan Nasser Atallah, Member of the General Secretariat of the General Union of Palestinian Writers and Authors, Palestine Nasser Mahna, Human Rights Activist, Syria Nazem Alloush, poet, Syria Nabil Dabdoub, Academic, Palestine Najat Abdel Samad, novelist and physician, Syrian Najla Hassan, Writer, Jordan Nagwa Abbas, Member of the Political Bureau of the Socialist Popular Alliance Party, Egypt Naguib Gouili, playwright, Egypt Najiba Mohammed Mutahhar, Advisor to the Office of the President of the Republic, Yemen Nada Tuwair, Head of the Union of Palestinian Women's Action Committees, Palestine Nada Mas oud Anouiji, Human Rights Activist, Libya Nizar Al-Khaled, Editor-in-Chief of Al-Muntasaf Newspaper and Assistant to the President of the Afro-Asian Peoples' Solidarity Organization, Egypt Nahza Alaoui, Lawyer at the Kenitra Bar, Morocco Nidal Al Salman, Human Rights Activist, Bahrain Naima Ouahli, human rights activist and defender, Morocco Nicola Taama, Media Professional, Lebanon Noha Chaouachi, Professor, Tunisia Noha Hassan, Human Rights Activist, Bahrain Nawal Hussein Khalaf, Human Rights Activist, Iraq Nour Al Rawashdeh, poet and playwright, Jordan Nourredine Saoudi, writer and translator, human rights activist from Hatem Organization, Morocco Hala Ahed, Human Rights Activist, Jordan Ilham Sami Hamad, human rights defender and activist at the Social Aid Society, Palestine Hani Al-Aswadi, Legal Advisor, Switzerland Hani Al-Halabi, Researcher and Historian, Lebanon Hani Suleiman Al-Halabi, writer, media figure and publisher, Lebanon Hani Hilal, Child Rights Expert, Egypt Heba Ahmed Baydo un, Human Rights Activist, Jordan Hadeel Buqrais, Founder of the Human Rights School in Kuwait, Kuwait Hisham Ben Freij, Human Rights Activist, Tunisia Hicham Darfouf, Musician, Morocco Hesham Younis, writer at Al-Ahram and first deputy of the Egyptian Journalists Syndicate, Egypt Al-Hashou Ahmed, Academic, Morocco Hind Yahya, President of a Civil Association, Tunisia Haitham Al-Hariri, Member of the Political Bureau of the Socialist Popular Alliance Party, Egypt Wahid Qarmesh, Member of the Political Bureau of the Jordanian Social Democratic Party, Jordan Wessam El Sherif, CEO, Egyptian Federation for Education Policy and Research, Egypt Wadah Al-Yaman Khaled Hariri, Political Activist, Yemen Waddah Salem Muhadeen, Lawyer, Jordan Wadha Al Saadi, Teacher, Sultanate of Oman Wafaa Jaafar Nasser, Media Professional, Lebanon Walaa Hassan, Feminist Activist, Jordan Walaa Sayel Mohammed Abdel Razek, Researcher, Palestine Walid Khaliliya, Academic Staff Member, Palestine Walid Hanidi, Syrian researc her Yasser Bushnak, former human rights and refugee activist, US and Jordan Yasmine Ben Khemais, Human Rights Activist, Tunisia Yahya Abu Aboud, President of the Jordanian Bar Association, Jordan Yahya Al-Wajid, Lawyer, Chairman of the Justice Horizons Foundation for Legal Support, Iraq Yosra Fraous, Lawyer, Feminist and Anne Klein Award for Democracy and Women's Rights, Tunisia Yaqoub Aldubalah, Academic, Yemen Youssef Abu Al Hassan, Human Rights Activist, Morocco Yousef Hourani, Writer and Political Activist, Jordan Yousef Rabie, media figure and member of the Shura Council of the Bahraini Al-Wefaq Society, Bahrain Youssef Ali Hassan Issa, Researcher in Israeli Studies, Spain Yousef Ghishan, Journalist, Jordan Youssef Tanane, theater and visual artist, Morocco. Younes Kadri, human rights activist, Morocco Source: Maan News Agency